📚 Predicted Question Papers 2026
9th Semester Law - Based on Analysis of Previous Years (2015-2024)
Company Law – Question Paper 2026
Full Marks: 80
Duration: 3 Hours
Pass Marks: 32
📋 Instructions:
Answer any five questions. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
Question 1.
a) Define a Company. Discuss the essential characteristics of a company in the context of Indian company law.
b) Distinguish between a Private Company and a Public Company.
(10+6=16 marks)
Question 2.
a) Who is a Promoter? Critically discuss the liabilities and duties of promoters under the Companies Act, 2013.
b) Can a company ratify contracts made by promoters before incorporation?
(10+6=16 marks)
Question 3.
a) Define Prospectus. Discuss the legal consequences of misstatement in a prospectus with reference to decided cases.
b) State the contents of Articles and Memorandum of Association. Explain the differences between them.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 4.
Discuss the doctrine of "Lifting the Corporate Veil." What are the circumstances in which courts may lift the corporate veil?
(16 marks)
Question 5.
a) What is the doctrine of Ultra Vires?
b) Discuss the legal effect of ultra-vires transactions and relevant judicial pronouncements.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 6.
a) Define Share. What are the different types of shares that may be issued by a company under the Companies Act, 2013?
b) Write down differences between Share Certificate and Share Warrant.
(10+6=16 marks)
Question 7.
What is a Debenture? Explain different types of debentures and the remedies available to debenture holders in case of non-payment.
(16 marks)
Question 8.
a) Critically discuss the legal position, powers, duties, and liabilities of directors in a company.
b) Distinguish between Annual General Meeting (AGM) and Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM) of a company; state their respective purposes.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 9.
a) What are the grounds for compulsory winding up of a company?
b) Who can file a petition for winding up and what is the role of Liquidator?
(10+6=16 marks)
Question 10.
Write short notes on any four of the following:
- Doctrine of Indoor Management
- Doctrine of Constructive Notice
- Special Resolution
- Corporate Social Responsibility
- Independent Director
- Share Capital
(4×4=16 marks)
Information Technology Law – Question Paper 2026
Full Marks: 80
Duration: 3 Hours
Pass Marks: 32
📋 Instructions:
Answer any five questions. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Write your answers in your own words as far as practicable.
Question 1.
a) What are the main objectives of the Information Technology Act, 2000? Discuss the historical development of IT Law in India.
b) Define Computer, Computer Network, and Internet Service Provider under the IT Act.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 2.
a) Define Digital Signature and Electronic Signature. Explain the differences between them with reference to the IT Act, 2000.
b) Discuss the concept of Certifying Authority and the procedure for obtaining Digital Signature Certificates.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 3.
a) Explain the concept of E-Governance and legal recognition of electronic records under the IT Act.
b) Critically discuss the territorial application of law and jurisdiction issues in cyberspace with reference to relevant cases.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 4.
Discuss the concept of Cyber Crimes under the Information Technology Act. Explain Cyber Hacking, Cyber Fraud, and Cyber Terrorism with relevant legal provisions and case laws.
(16 marks)
Question 5.
a) What do you understand by Cyber Contraventions? Distinguish between Cyber Contraventions and Cyber Crimes under the IT Act.
b) Examine the legal provisions for prevention and control of Child Pornography in cyberspace.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 6.
a) Discuss the powers and functions of the Controller of Certifying Authorities under the Information Technology Act.
b) Explain the composition, jurisdiction, and powers of the Cyber Appellate Tribunal.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 7.
a) What is Identity Theft under the IT Act? Discuss its consequences and legal remedies available.
b) Critically analyze the Shreya Singhal v. Union of India case and its impact on Section 66A of the IT Act.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 8.
a) Write a detailed note on Internet Service Providers and their liabilities under the Information Technology Act.
b) Discuss the investigative powers granted to Police Officers under the IT Act for cyber offenses.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 9.
a) Explain the safeguards provided under the IT Act for the protection of privacy and data protection.
b) Discuss the concept of compounding of offenses under the IT Act and its limitations.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 10.
Write short notes on any four of the following:
- Cyber Stalking
- Denial of Service (DoS) Attack
- E-Commerce and Online Contracts
- Cyber Security and CERT-In
- Digital India Act (Proposed replacement of IT Act 2000)
- Data Breaches and Notification Requirements
(4×4=16 marks)
Labour and Industrial Laws II – Question Paper 2026
Full Marks: 80
Duration: 3 Hours
Pass Marks: 32
📋 Instructions:
Answer any five questions. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Write your answers in your own words as far as practicable.
Question 1.
a) Explain the concept of 'Industrial Dispute' under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
b) Discuss the authorities for settlement of industrial disputes and their powers.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 2.
a) Define 'Strikes' and 'Lock-outs' under the Industrial Disputes Act.
b) Critically analyze the legal provisions relating to illegal strikes and lock-outs.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 3.
a) Discuss the provisions relating to Lay-off and Retrenchment under the Industrial Disputes Act.
b) Explain the concept of 'Closure' and its legal implications with relevant case laws.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 4.
Examine the rights and liabilities of Trade Unions under the Trade Unions Act, 1926. Discuss the registration process and legal immunity granted to trade unions.
(16 marks)
Question 5.
a) Discuss the provisions of the Employees' Compensation Act, 1923 relating to employer's liability for compensation.
b) Explain the process for claiming compensation and the appeal mechanism under the Act.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 6.
a) Define 'Wages' under the Minimum Wages Act, 1948. What are the components included and excluded from wages?
b) Discuss the procedure for fixation and revision of minimum wages by appropriate governments.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 7.
a) Explain the objectives and key provisions of the Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948.
b) Elaborate on the medical and cash benefits provided under the ESI Scheme.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 8.
a) Discuss the functions and powers of the Factory Inspectorate under the Factories Act, 1948.
b) Explain the provisions relating to health, safety, and welfare of workers in factories.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 9.
a) Write notes on any two of the following:
- Advisory, Conciliation, and Arbitration Machinery under Industrial Disputes Act
- Standing Orders under the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946
- Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 - Eligibility and Calculation
b) What are the penalties for non-compliance under various Industrial Laws? Discuss with examples.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 10.
Write short notes on any four of the following:
- Collective Bargaining and its Legal Framework
- Social Security Measures for Workers
- Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986
- Payment of Bonus Act, 1965
- Apprentices Act, 1961
- Provident Fund and Pension Schemes
(4×4=16 marks)
Taxation Law – Question Paper 2026
Full Marks: 80
Duration: 3 Hours
Pass Marks: 32
📋 Instructions:
Answer any five questions. The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Write your answers in your own words as far as practicable.
Question 1.
a) Define 'Income' under the Income Tax Act, 1961. Discuss the basic concepts and characteristics of income.
b) Explain the different heads of income with examples under the Income Tax Act.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 2.
a) Discuss the concept of 'Residential Status' under the Income Tax Act. Explain the rules for determining residential status of individuals.
b) What is the scope of total income based on residential status? Explain with illustrations.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 3.
a) Explain 'Salary' as defined under Section 17 of the Income Tax Act. Discuss the components of salary income.
b) What are the deductions allowable from salary income under Section 16? Explain with examples.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 4.
Discuss 'Income from House Property' under the Income Tax Act. Explain the computation of income under this head with special reference to self-occupied property and let-out property.
(16 marks)
Question 5.
a) Define 'Capital Gains' and distinguish between short-term and long-term capital gains under the Income Tax Act.
b) Discuss the exemptions available under Section 54, 54B, and 54F of the Income Tax Act.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 6.
a) Explain the provisions relating to Tax Deduction at Source (TDS) under the Income Tax Act.
b) Discuss the consequences of non-deduction or late deduction of tax at source.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 7.
a) What is Goods and Services Tax (GST)? Discuss the constitutional framework for GST in India.
b) Explain the concept of 'Supply' under GST law and its different types.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 8.
a) Discuss the powers of Income Tax Authorities for assessment under the Income Tax Act.
b) Explain the different types of assessments under the Income Tax Act with their time limits.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 9.
a) Discuss the provisions relating to penalties under the Income Tax Act for various defaults.
b) Explain the concept of prosecution under the Income Tax Act and the offences that are prosecutable.
(8+8=16 marks)
Question 10.
Write short notes on any four of the following:
- Income Tax Return and E-Filing
- Advance Tax and Self-Assessment Tax
- Tax Planning vs Tax Evasion
- Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements (DTAA)
- Appellate Machinery under Income Tax Act
- Input Tax Credit under GST
(4×4=16 marks)
0 Comments